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| An NSP sturcture found abundantly in wheat, oat, rye and barley is arabinoxylan which is constructed of a polymer chain of β,1-4 linked D-xylose sugars with arabinose substitutions along the polysaccharide chain. The arabinose substitutions make arabinoxylan relatively soluble. The insoluble form can also be found when it has no arabinose substitutions. In the case of oat and barley the main NSPs making up their endosperm cell walls are mixed-link β-glucans which is made up of glucose chains of variable lengths linked at β,1-4 with intermittent β,1-3 links. The β,1-3 side chains have the same effect as the arabinose subsitutions in that these make the whole structure soluble and not allowing the NSP structure to precipitate. (Bedford, 1995) Most studies conducted are on monogastrics since NSPs do not result in digestive problems in digastric animals. The monogastric species studied most for NSPs and their effects on particular species nutrition nutrition are swine and poultry. This is because the culture of these two species is very much industrialised. '''__Digestion of NSPs.__''' |
Itt írjon a(z) Non-starch_Polysaccharides-ról/ről
Non starch polysaccharides as nutritive and anti-nutritive factors and their effects on digestion and growth performance.
NSPs along with oligosaccharides make are a category of Non starch carbohydrates (NSCs). NSCs in general include a large number of diverse molecules that are able to affect the gut flora of mainly monogastrics where in some cases the effect is beneficial and in others there is severe inhibition of the digestive process. These changes include changes in the endocrine, immune and dynamic systems of the gut. The digestibility of different NSCs and therefore different NSPs is highly dependent on the animal species in question, the chemical structure of the NSP molecule, its solubility and also the amount of NSP present.
The interest in carbohydrates and NSPs came about due to two separate disciplines being:
Human nutrition and health: where the role of dietary fibre in the maintenance of gut health is investigated and lowering of energy uptake is most desirable for people eating a high carbohydrate diet.
Animal nutrition research: where strategies and extrinsic enzymes for minimising anti-nutritive effects of NSP are sought after and enzymes are used to improve the digestibility of NSP to manipulate the fermentation properties of these NSPs and oligosaccharides and their prebiotic effects.
An NSP sturcture found abundantly in wheat, oat, rye and barley is arabinoxylan which is constructed of a polymer chain of β,1-4 linked D-xylose sugars with arabinose substitutions along the polysaccharide chain. The arabinose substitutions make arabinoxylan relatively soluble. The insoluble form can also be found when it has no arabinose substitutions. In the case of oat and barley the main NSPs making up their endosperm cell walls are mixed-link β-glucans which is made up of glucose chains of variable lengths linked at β,1-4 with intermittent β,1-3 links. The β,1-3 side chains have the same effect as the arabinose subsitutions in that these make the whole structure soluble and not allowing the NSP structure to precipitate. (Bedford, 1995)
Most studies conducted are on monogastrics since NSPs do not result in digestive problems in digastric animals. The monogastric species studied most for NSPs and their effects on particular species nutrition nutrition are swine and poultry. This is because the culture of these two species is very much industrialised.
Digestion of NSPs.