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Physiology Of Pain

What is pain?

Pain is a subjective experience made up of two complementary aspects, the first one is localized sensation in a particular body part, while the other is an unpleasant quality of varying severity commonly associated with behaviors directed at relieving or terminating the experience, the pain has much in common with other sensory modalities according to National Academy of Sciences (1985). There are specific pain receptors as these are nerve endings, present in most body tissues, that only respond to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli. Which the messages initiated by these noxious stimuli are transmitted by specific, identified nerves to the spinal cord. The perception of pain results from the brain’s processing of new sensory input with existing memories and emotions, is the same way that other perceptions are produced. Pain become painful is when it reaches out the threshold. However, most studies have found that the pain tolerance threshold, the point at which pain becomes unbearable, varies significantly among different people and species. Two types of pain, the fast pain which is acute, well localized, short duration, and in thin myelinated fiber, while the slow pain is chronic throbbing, localized long, normal duration, and in unmyelinated fiber.

==== Pain process; === The pain process is made up of four steps (1) transduction, (2) transmission, (3) modulation, and (4) perception